Two-Phase Heat Transfer to New Refrigerants.

The conversion to the new alternative refrigerants caused by the greenhouse and ozone effects is now replacing nuclear reactor analysis and safety as the major driving force in two-phase heat transfer research. Extensive studies are underway on pool boiling, single-tube condensation, boiling and condensation on tube bundles, intube boiling and condensation, effects of mixtures, two-phase flow patterns in plain and microfin tubes, and development of new higher performance heat transfer augmentations. A survey of developments is presented here.