Procédure hiérarchique d'analyse

Résumé

Le processus d'analyse hiérarchique est une technique structurée pour organiser et analyser des décisions complexes, basée sur les mathématiques et la psychologie. Elle a été développée par Thomas L. Saaty dans les années 1970, largement étudiée et affinée depuis. Elle a notamment des applications en prise de décision de groupe, et est utilisée à travers le monde pour une grande variété de prises de décision, que ce soit des décisions gouvernementales, dans le monde des affaires, de l'industrie, de la santé, de la construction navale ou de l'éducation. Plutôt que de prescrire une décision « exacte », la procédure d'analyse hiérarchique aide les décideurs à trouver celle convenant le mieux à leur objectif et leur compréhension du problème. Elle fournit un cadrage complet et rationnel de structuration d'une prise de décision, de représentation et d'évaluation des éléments, afin de les relier aux objectifs et d'évaluer les solutions de rechange. L'utilisateur de la procédure hiérarchi

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proc%C3%A9dure_hi%C3%A9rarchique_d'analyse

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Publications associées (16)

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Cours associés (1)

The course deals with the methods and instruments supporting decision processes in the geographical space. The focus is on multi-criteria decision analysis, with the special requirements carried by space-related scenarios and solutions, and by the participatory processes among numerous stakeholders.

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More and more companies address collaborations and cooperation as strategic topics to build competitive networks and broaden the global competences provided by the community thus created. These companies can cooperate with partners to share resources, competences, risks, or costs. Besides, penetrating new markets can be easier when associating new partners. The selection process of an adequate partner considered for a specific objective is a key success factor. This paper proposes an evaluation methodology for selecting an alliance partner in the case of a network of enterprises, manufacturing high precision mechanical components. An extensive group decision methodology is developed using both quantitative data and qualitative judgments in the evaluation of criteria. Since some performances cannot be represented with crisp numbers, the proposed methodology allows experts to use linguistic variables to express their judgments for the assessment of qualitative criteria. Two main phases are integrated in this methodology. In the first phase, criteria and experts weightings are calculated to determine the criteria importance using fuzzy the analytical hierarchy process. In the second phase, a technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution is proposed to rank the different alternatives, corresponding to the alternative partnerships.

2012

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Trust categories and their impacts on information exchange processes in vertical collaborative networked organisations

Naoufel Cheikhrouhou, Garikoitz Madinabeitia, Michel Pouly

Whereas small and medium enterprises can answer the different business challenges through cooperation within collaborative networked organisations (CNOs), human aspects constitute a fundamental issue in these networks since it is neither organisations nor information systems but people that cooperate. This paper addresses the major human aspect considered in vertical CNOs, namely trust that can significantly impact knowledge and know-how exchange as well as information sharing. A case study on Swiss Microtech, a vertical collaborative network from the industry of machining operations, is presented and discussed with respect to these issues. With the help of an analytic hierarchy process technique designed and developed, different trust types are identified, their corresponding weights are evaluated and their relationships with information sharing and exchange are discussed. The results show that the institutional perceptions of trust and its attributes in the enterprises studied are very close to each other. Furthermore, out of the five identified types, only competence, relational and contractual trust categories have a significant impact on strengthening the relationships between enterprises belonging to a vertical CNO.

Taylor & Francis2012

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PoLPer: Process-Aware Restriction of Over-Privileged Setuid Calls in Legacy Applications

Mathias Josef Payer, Zhenyu Wu

setuid system calls enable critical functions such as user authentications and modular privileged components. Such operations must only be executed after careful validation. However, current systems do not perform rigorous checks, allowing exploitation of privileges through memory corruption vulnerabilities in privileged programs. As a solution, understanding which setuid system calls can be invoked in what context of a process allows precise enforcement of least privileges. We propose a novel comprehensive method to systematically extract and enforce least privilege of setuid system calls to prevent misuse. Our approach learns the required process contexts of setuid system calls along multiple dimensions: process hierarchy, call stack, and parameter in a process-aware way. Every setuid system call is then restricted to the per-process context by our kernel-level context enforcer. Previous approaches without process-awareness are too coarse-grained to control setuid system calls, resulting in over-privilege. Our method reduces available privileges even for identical code depending on whether it is run by a parent or a child process. We present our prototype called PoLPer which systematically discovers only required setuid system calls and effectively prevents real-world exploits targeting vulnerabilities of the setuid family of system calls in popular desktop and server software at near zero overhead.

ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY2019

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