Mécanisme de see-saw

Résumé

Le mécanisme de see-saw, mécanisme de la balancoire ou mécanisme à bascule, en théorie quantique des champs, permet de générer de très petits nombres à partir de nombres « raisonnables » et de grands nombres. Description Ce mécanisme apparaît notamment dans les théories de grande unification, et en particulier pour expliquer les masses des neutrinos et leur oscillation. Ce modèle produit un neutrino léger, pour chacune des trois saveurs de neutrinos connues, et un neutrino stérile, très lourd et encore non découvert. Mathématiquement, le mécanisme de see-saw correspond au fait que la matrice 2×2 définie comme : A = \begin{pmatrix}0&M\M&B\end{pmatrix} \text{,} où B est beaucoup plus grand que M, possède les valeurs propres suivantes : \lambda_\pm = \frac{B\pm \sqrt{B^2+4M^2}}{2} \text{.} La valeur propre la plus grande est approximativement égale à B tandis que la plus petite valeur propre est à peu près égale à \lambda_- \approx -\f

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9canisme_de_see-saw

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Hybrid seesaw leptogenesis and TeV singlets

Majid Ekhterachian, Luca Vecchi

The appealing feature of inverse seesaw models is that the Standard Model (SM) neutrino mass emerges from the exchange of TeV scale singlets with sizable Yukawa couplings, which can be tested at colliders. However, the tiny Majorana mass splitting between TeV singlets, introduced to accommodate small neutrino masses, is left unexplained. Moreover, we argue that these models suffer from a structural limitation that prevents a successful leptogenesis if one insists on having unsuppressed Yukawa couplings and TeV scale singlets. In this work we propose a hybrid seesaw model, where we replace the mass splitting with a coupling to a high scale seesaw module including a TeV scalar. We show that this structure achieves the goal of filling both the above gaps with couplings of order unity. The necessary structure automatically arises embedding the seesaw mechanism in composite Higgs models, but may also be enforced by new gauge symmetries in a weakly-coupled theory. Our hybrid seesaw models have distinguishing features compared to the standard high scale type-I seesaw and inverse seesaw. Firstly, they have much richer phenomenology. Indeed, they generally predict new TeV scale physics (including scalars) potentially accessible at present and future colliders, whereas weakly-coupled versions may also have cosmological signature due to the presence of a light Nambu-Goldstone boson coupled to neutrinos. Secondly, our scenario features an interesting interplay between high scale and TeV scale physics in leptogenesis and enlarges the range of allowed high scale singlet masses beyond the usual similar to 10(9)-10(15) GeV, without large hierarchies in the Yukawa couplings nor small mass splitting among the singlets. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV2018

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Natural seesaw and leptogenesis from hybrid of high-scale type I and TeV-scale inverse

Majid Ekhterachian, Luca Vecchi

We develop an extension of the basic inverse seesaw model which addresses simultaneously two of its drawbacks, namely, the lack of explanation of the tiny Majorana mass term for the TeV-scale singlet fermions and the difficulty in achieving successful leptogenesis. Firstly, we investigate systematically leptogenesis within the inverse (and the related linear) seesaw models and show that a successful scenario requires either small Yukawa couplings, implying loss of experimental signals, and/or quasi-degeneracy among singlets mass of different generations, suggesting extra structure must be invoked. Then we move to the analysis of our new framework, which we refer to as hybrid seesaw. This combines the TeV degrees of freedom of the inverse seesaw with those of a high-scale (M-N >> TeV) seesaw module in such a way as to retain the main features of both pictures: naturally small neutrino masses, successful leptogenesis, and accessible experimental signatures. We show how the required structure can arise from a more fundamental theory with a gauge symmetry or from warped extra dimensions/composite Higgs. We provide a detailed derivation of all the analytical formulae necessary to analyze leptogenesis in this new framework, and discuss the entire gamut of possibilities our scenario encompasses including scenarios with singlet masses in the enlarged range M-N approximate to 10(6) - 10(16) GeV. This idea of hybrid seesaw was proposed by us in arXiv:1804.06847; here, we substantially elaborate upon and extend earlier results.

Springer2019

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Initial condition for baryogenesis via neutrino oscillation

Shintaro Eijima

We consider a baryogenesis scenario via the oscillation of right-handed neutrinos with Majorana masses of the order of GeV, which are also responsible for neutrino masses by the seesaw mechanism. We study how the initial condition alters the prediction of the present baryon asymmetry by this mechanism. It is usually assumed that the abundance of right-handed neutrinos is zero after the reheating of the inflationary universe and they are produced in scattering processes by the renomalizable Yukawa interaction. However, the higher-dimensional operator with right-handed neutrinos may provide an additional production which is most effective at the reheating epoch. It is shown that such an initial abundance of right-handed neutrinos can significantly modify the prediction when the strong washout of the asymmetry is absent. This leads to the parameter space of the model for the successful baryogenesis being enlarged.

Amer Physical Soc2017

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