A distribution center for a set of products is a warehouse or other specialized building, often with refrigeration or air conditioning, which is stocked with products (goods) to be redistributed to retailers, to wholesalers, or directly to consumers. A distribution center is a principal part, the order processing element, of the entire order fulfillment process. Distribution centers are usually thought of as being demand driven. A distribution center can also be called a warehouse, a DC, a fulfillment center, a cross-dock facility, a bulk break center, and a package handling center. The name by which the distribution center is known is commonly based on the purpose of the operation. For example, a "retail distribution center" normally distributes goods to retail stores, an "order fulfillment center" commonly distributes goods directly to consumers, and a cross-dock facility stores little or no product but distributes goods to other destinations.
Distribution centers are the foundation of a supply network, as they allow a single location to stock a vast number of products. Some organizations operate both retail distribution and direct-to-consumer out of a single facility, sharing space, equipment, labor resources, and inventory as applicable.
A typical retail distribution network operates with centers set up throughout a commercial market, with each center serving a number of stores. Large distribution centers for companies such as Walmart serve 50–125 stores. Suppliers ship truckloads of products to the distribution center, which stores the product until needed by the retail location and ships the proper quantity.
Since a large retailer might sell tens of thousands of products from thousands of vendors, it would be impossibly inefficient to ship each product directly from each vendor to each store. Many retailers own and run their own distribution networks, while smaller retailers may outsource this function to dedicated logistics firms that coordinate the distribution of products for a number of companies.
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Order processing is the process or work-flow associated with the picking, packing, and delivery of the packed items to a shipping carrier and is a key element of order fulfillment. Order processing operations or facilities are commonly called “distribution centers” or “DC 's”. There are wide variances in the level of automation associating to the “pick-pack-and-ship” process, ranging from completely manual and paper-driven to highly automated and completely mechanized; computer systems overseeing this process are generally referred to as Warehouse Management Systems or “WMS”.
thumb|Gestion automatisée d'un entrepôt de pièces détachées. Un entrepôt est un bâtiment logistique destiné au stockage et à la distribution de biens. Les entrepôts sont utilisés par les industriels, les entreprises d'import-export, les grossistes, les transporteurs, les douanes, etc. Ce sont de grands bâtiments, depuis quelques centaines jusqu'à plusieurs dizaines de milliers de mètres carrés. Ces bâtiments sont situés le plus souvent dans des zones péri-urbaines.
WMS, ou warehouse management system (système de gestion d'entrepôts), désigne une catégorie de progiciels destinés à gérer les opérations d'un entrepôt de stockage. L'objet premier du WMS n'est pas de prendre les commandes mais de les prendre en compte et d'en optimiser la préparation. Le périmètre d'un WMS est limité et ne couvre pas toute la chaîne logistique. En général l'outil s'arrête à l'entrepôt.
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Assortment planning deserves much attention from practitioners and academics due to its direct impact on retailers' commercial success. In this paper we focus on the increasingly popular retail practice to use combined product assortments with both "standa ...
2020
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The ever-increasing requirements for reliability and quality of supply suggest to enable the self-healing features of modern distribution networks. Within the context of Active Distribution Networks (ADNs), new, fast and efficient restoration strategies ca ...
Power Systems Computation Conference2018
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The ever-increasing requirements for reliability and quality of supply suggest to enable the self-healing features of modern distribution networks. Within the context of Active Distribution Networks (ADNs), new, fast and efficient restoration strategies ca ...