Êtes-vous un étudiant de l'EPFL à la recherche d'un projet de semestre?
Travaillez avec nous sur des projets en science des données et en visualisation, et déployez votre projet sous forme d'application sur Graph Search.
Concept
Méson B
Résumé
In particle physics, B mesons are mesons composed of a bottom antiquark and either an up (_B+), down (_B0), strange (_Strange B0) or charm quark (_Charmed B+). The combination of a bottom antiquark and a top quark is not thought to be possible because of the top quark's short lifetime. The combination of a bottom antiquark and a bottom quark is not a B meson, but rather bottomonium, which is something else entirely.
Each B meson has an antiparticle that is composed of a bottom quark and an up (_B-), down (_AntiB0), strange (_Strange antiB0) or charm (_Charmed b-) antiquark respectively.
_B–_AntiB oscillation
The neutral B mesons, _B0 and _Strange B0, spontaneously transform into their own antiparticles and back. This phenomenon is called flavor oscillation. The existence of neutral B meson oscillations is a fundamental prediction of the Standard Model of particle physics. It has been measured in the _B0–_AntiB0 system to be about 0.496 / picoseconds, and in the _Strange b0–_Strange antib0 system to be Δms = 17.77 ± 0.10 (stat) ± 0.07 (syst) / picosecond measured by CDF experiment at Fermilab. A first estimation of the lower and upper limit of the _Strange b0–_Strange antib0 system value have been made by the DØ experiment also at Fermilab.
On 25 September 2006, Fermilab announced that they had claimed discovery of previously-only-theorized Bs meson oscillation. According to Fermilab's press release:
This first major discovery of Run 2 continues the tradition of particle physics discoveries at Fermilab, where the bottom (1977) and top (1995) quarks were discovered. Surprisingly, the bizarre behavior of the B_s (pronounced "B sub s") mesons is actually predicted by the Standard Model of fundamental particles and forces. The discovery of this oscillatory behavior is thus another reinforcement of the Standard Model's durability ...
CDF physicists have previously measured the rate of the matter-antimatter transitions for the B_s meson, which consists of the heavy bottom quark bound by the strong nuclear interaction to a strange antiquark.
Source officielle
À propos de ce résultat
Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.
Proximité ontologique
Cours associés (4)
PHYS-471: Particle physics: the flavour frontiers
This course will present experimental aspects of flavour physics primarily in the quark sector but also in the lepton sector and their role in the development of the Standard Model of particle physics
PHYS-416: Particle physics II
Presentation of the electroweak and strong interaction theories that constitute the Standard Model of particle physics. The course also discusses the new theories proposed to solve the problems of the
PHYS-415: Particle physics I
Presentation of particle properties, their symmetries and interactions.
Introduction to quantum electrodynamics and to the Feynman rules.
Publications associées (329)
Concepts associés (11)
Violation de CP
En physique des particules, la violation de CP est une violation de la symétrie CP, c'est-à-dire de la combinaison de la symétrie C (symétrie de conjugaison de charge) et de la symétrie P (symétrie de parité). La symétrie CP indique que les lois de la physique devraient être les mêmes si une particule est échangée avec son antiparticule (symétrie C) tandis que ses coordonnées spatiales sont inversées (symétrie P, ou « miroir »).
BELLE (expérience)
L’expérience Belle est une expérience de physique des particules menée par la "Collaboration" BELLE, une équipe temporaire internationale de 400 physiciens et ingénieurs, pour la recherche des effets de la violation de symétrie CP, et conduite à l’Organisation de Recherche de l’Accélérateur des hautes Énergies (K2K), à Tsukuba, Préfecture d'Ibaraki, au Japon. Le détecteur Belle est précisément positionné au point de collision de l'accélérateur , un collisionneur à énergie asymétrique électron-antiélectron.
Quarkonium
In particle physics, quarkonium (from quark and -onium, pl. quarkonia) is a flavorless meson whose constituents are a heavy quark and its own antiquark, making it both a neutral particle and its own antiparticle. The name "quarkonium" is analogous to positronium, the bound state of electron and anti-electron. The particles are short-lived due to matter-antimatter annihilation. Vector meson Light quarks (up, down, and strange) are much less massive than the heavier quarks, and so the physical states actually seen in experiments (η, η′, and π0 mesons) are quantum mechanical mixtures of the light quark states.
MOOCs associés (5)
Plasma Physics: Introduction
Learn the basics of plasma, one of the fundamental states of matter, and the different types of models used to describe it, including fluid and kinetic.
Plasma Physics: Introduction
Learn the basics of plasma, one of the fundamental states of matter, and the different types of models used to describe it, including fluid and kinetic.
Plasma Physics: Applications
Learn about plasma applications from nuclear fusion powering the sun, to making integrated circuits, to generating electricity.