Concept
Nanotechnologie
Concepts associés (61)
Microtechnique
Une microtechnique est une technique de fabrication ou de réparation des objets à l'échelle sub-millimétrique (c’est-à-dire dans le domaine du micromètre), l'ensemble des microtechniques étant la microtechnologie. Les microtechniques englobent les appareils et machines qui acquièrent, traitent et restituent l'information. Elles concernent les produits et activités suivants : mesure du temps (montres-bracelet, horloges, appareils de chronométrage sportif, etc.) ; bureautique (machines à écrire, photocopieuses, machines à affranchir, agrafeuses, etc.
Nanocellulose
La nanocellulose est une nanostructure de cellulose. Elle existe sous trois formes : nanofibre de cellulose ou nanofibrilles de cellulose ou cellulose nano-fibrillée (NFC / CNF) aussi appelée cellulose micro-fibrillée ou microfibrille de cellulose (CMF / MFC), obtenue par traitement mécanique ; nanocellulose cristalline ou nanocristaux de cellulose (NCC) aussi appelée cellulose nanocristalline (CNC) et encore nanocellulose en ou nanoen de cellulose (CNW / NCW), produite par procédé chimique ; nanocellulose bactérienne (BNC), synthétisée par des bactéries.
Applications of nanotechnology
The applications of nanotechnology, commonly incorporate industrial, medicinal, and energy uses. These include more durable construction materials, therapeutic drug delivery, and higher density hydrogen fuel cells that are environmentally friendly. Being that nanoparticles and nanodevices are highly versatile through modification of their physiochemical properties, they have found uses in nanoscale electronics, cancer treatments, vaccines, hydrogen fuel cells, and nanographene batteries.
Scanning probe lithography
Scanning probe lithography (SPL) describes a set of nanolithographic methods to pattern material on the nanoscale using scanning probes. It is a direct-write, mask-less approach which bypasses the diffraction limit and can reach resolutions below 10 nm. It is considered an alternative lithographic technology often used in academic and research environments. The term scanning probe lithography was coined after the first patterning experiments with scanning probe microscopes (SPM) in the late 1980s.
Feature-oriented scanning
Feature-oriented scanning (FOS) is a method of precision measurement of surface topography with a scanning probe microscope in which surface features (objects) are used as reference points for microscope probe attachment. With FOS method, by passing from one surface feature to another located nearby, the relative distance between the features and the feature neighborhood topographies are measured. This approach allows to scan an intended area of a surface by parts and then reconstruct the whole image from the obtained fragments.
Nanoscopic scale
The nanoscopic scale (or nanoscale) usually refers to structures with a length scale applicable to nanotechnology, usually cited as 1–100 nanometers (nm). A nanometer is a billionth of a meter. The nanoscopic scale is (roughly speaking) a lower bound to the mesoscopic scale for most solids. For technical purposes, the nanoscopic scale is the size at which fluctuations in the averaged properties (due to the motion and behavior of individual particles) begin to have a significant effect (often a few percent) on the behavior of a system, and must be taken into account in its analysis.
Chimie verte
La chimie verte, appelée aussi chimie durable ou chimie écologique ou chimie renouvelable, prévoit la mise en œuvre de principes pour réduire et éliminer l'usage ou la génération de substances néfastes pour l'environnement. Ceci doit se faire par de nouveaux produits (agroressources, ressources renouvelables), procédés chimiques et des voies de synthèses « propres », c'est-à-dire respectueuses de l'environnement.
Nanotoxicologie
La nanotoxicologie est l'étude de la toxicité des nanomatériaux et des nanoparticules (de taille comprise entre 1 et 100 nanomètres ; ), qu'elles soient ou non synthétisées par l'homme. Ces nano-objets peuvent généralement traverser les barrières naturelles que constituent la peau, des muqueuses, des poumons et de l'intestin. Et ils possèdent tous des propriétés uniques du fait de leur taille. Tous les matériaux se comportement très différemment aux échelles nanométriques, ainsi que dans le temps parfois ; leur taille et leur forme ( nanocages, nanotubes.
Engines of Creation
Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology is a 1986 molecular nanotechnology book written by K. Eric Drexler with a foreword by Marvin Minsky. An updated version was released in 2007. The book has been translated into Japanese, French, Spanish, Italian, Russian, and Chinese. The book features nanotechnology, which Richard Feynman had discussed in his 1959 speech "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom.
Biointerface
A biointerface is the region of contact between a biomolecule, cell, biological tissue or living organism or organic material considered living with another biomaterial or inorganic/organic material. The motivation for biointerface science stems from the urgent need to increase the understanding of interactions between biomolecules and surfaces. The behavior of complex macromolecular systems at materials interfaces are important in the fields of biology, biotechnology, diagnostics, and medicine.