Concept
Fee simple
Concepts associés (20)
Covenant (law)
A covenant, in its most general sense and historical sense, is a solemn promise to engage in or refrain from a specified action. Under historical English common law, a covenant was distinguished from an ordinary contract by the presence of a seal. Because the presence of a seal indicated an unusual solemnity in the promises made in a covenant, the common law would enforce a covenant even in the absence of consideration. In United States contract law, an implied covenant of good faith is presumed.
Mortgage law
A mortgage is a legal instrument of the common law which is used to create a security interest in real property held by a lender as a security for a debt, usually a mortgage loan. Hypothec is the corresponding term in civil law jurisdictions, albeit with a wider sense, as it also covers non-possessory lien. A mortgage in itself is not a debt, it is the lender's security for a debt. It is a transfer of an interest in land (or the equivalent) from the owner to the mortgage lender, on the condition that this interest will be returned to the owner when the terms of the mortgage have been satisfied or performed.
Deed
In common law, a deed is any legal instrument in writing which passes, affirms or confirms an interest, right, or property and that is signed, attested, delivered, and in some jurisdictions, sealed. It is commonly associated with transferring (conveyancing) title to property. The deed has a greater presumption of validity and is less rebuttable than an instrument signed by the party to the deed. A deed can be unilateral or bilateral. Deeds include conveyances, commissions, licenses, patents, diplomas, and conditionally powers of attorney if executed as deeds.
Probate
In common law jurisdictions probate is the judicial process whereby a will is "proved" in a court of law and accepted as a valid public document that is the true last testament of the deceased, or whereby the estate is settled according to the laws of intestacy in the state of residence of the deceased at time of death in the absence of a legal will. The granting of probate is the first step in the legal process of administering the estate of a deceased person, resolving all claims and distributing the deceased person's property under a will.
Feoffment
In the Middle Ages, especially under the European feudal system, feoffment ˈfɛfmənt or enfeoffment was the deed by which a person was given land in exchange for a pledge of service. This mechanism was later used to avoid restrictions on the passage of title in land by a system in which a landowner would give land to one person for the use of another. The common law of estates in land grew from this concept. The word feoffment derives from the Old French feoffement or fieffement; compare with the Late Latin feoffamentum.
Aliénation juridique
L'aliénation est la vente, le transport d'une propriété, d'un fonds. L'aliénation est volontaire ou forcée. L'abusus est l'un des attributs du droit de propriété, le droit de disposer de son bien, qu'il s'agisse de la disposition juridique de son bien par l'aliénation (vente ou don) ou matérielle par la destruction. L'aliénation est prévue dans certains cas particuliers par des textes de loi, pour désigner la désappropriation de bien par une personne physique ou morale, notamment pour simplifier le règlement de situations d'indivision inextricables.
Freehold (law)
In common law jurisdictions such as England and Wales, Australia, Canada, and Ireland, a freehold is the common mode of ownership of real property, or land, and all immovable structures attached to such land. It is in contrast to a leasehold, in which the property reverts to the owner of the land after the lease period expires or otherwise lawfully terminates. For an estate to be a freehold, it must possess two qualities: immobility (property must be land or some interest issuing out of or annexed to land) and ownership of it must be forever ("of an indeterminate duration").
Location
La location est l'action qui consiste à louer un logement, un local, un véhicule, ou tout autre bien matériel à une personne. On parle également de contrat de bail. Le principe de la location existe dans la Rome antique : la plupart des habitants de Rome vivent dans des insulae (immeubles d'habitation) souvent divisés en appartements de location. L'acte locatif est principalement concentré dans le secteur du logement où les agences jouent un rôle croissant d'intermédiaire entre propriétaire et locataire, parfois accusées avec les bailleurs de faire des demandes abusives concernant la liste des documents à fournir par les demandeurs de logement à louer.
Torrens title
Torrens title is a land registration and land transfer system, in which a state creates and maintains a register of land holdings, which serves as the conclusive evidence (termed "indefeasibility") of title of the person recorded on the register as the proprietor (owner), and of all other interests recorded on the register. Ownership of land is transferred by registration of a transfer of title, instead of by the use of deeds. The Registrar provides a Certificate of Title to the new proprietor, which is merely a copy of the related folio of the register.
Usufruit
L'usufruit est le droit de se servir d'un bien (habiter une maison, utiliser du mobilier...) ou d'en percevoir les revenus (par exemple encaisser des loyers, des intérêts ou des dividendes), sans pour autant s'en dessaisir. En France, il est défini à l'article 578 du Code civil. L'usufruit est l'association de deux droits démembrés du droit de propriété : l'usus et le fructus. Il forme un ensemble avec la nue-propriété, dont il est complémentaire, qui consiste en un troisième droit démembré de la propriété, le droit d'aliéner, ou abusus.