Objectifs de développement durable

Résumé

Le nom d'Objectifs de développement durable (ODD) (en anglais : Sustainable Development Goals, ou SDGs) est couramment utilisé pour désigner les dix-sept objectifs établis par les États membres des Nations unies et qui sont rassemblés dans l'Agenda 2030. Cet agenda a été adopté par l'ONU en après deux ans de négociations incluant les gouvernements comme la société civile. Il définit des cibles à atteindre à l'horizon 2030, définies par ODD. Les cibles sont au nombre de 169 et sont communes à tous les pays engagés. Elles répondent aux objectifs généraux suivants : éradiquer la pauvreté sous toutes ses formes et dans tous les pays, protéger la planète et garantir la prospérité pour tous (voir : trois piliers du développement durable). Dans un souci d'appropriation et de communication, elles sont parfois regroupées en cinq domaines, les « 5P » : peuple, prospérité, planète, paix, partenariats. Ces objectifs ont complété et pris la suite en 2015 des huit objectifs du millénaire pour

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https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objectifs_de_d%C3%A9veloppement_durable

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The 2030 Agenda to assess the sustainability of campus operations: EPFL as a case study

Léa Barbey

The EPFL sustainability unit was created in 2007 to coordinate, support and propose sustainable development actions on the campus. Its 2018-2020 strategy introduced a project called CORE SUSTAINABILITY, aiming at the progressive integration of sustainability within the organization, at the heart of EPFL's core missions (education, research, innovation), but also in the various Vice-Presidencies and their departments, thus at the heart of the organization. The objective is to empower all stakeholders, by committing them to sustainability goals that they should integrate to their management and reporting tools, in order to multiply the achievements and the exposure in this field. It is important to address the question of how this integration should be conducted. This master project would analyze the use of the UNO's reference frame, namely the 2030 Agenda and its well-known seventeen Sustainable development goals (SDGs). The working hypothesis would be as follows: 1. Are SDGs an effective tool for conducting sustainability integration strategies in universities? 1.1 Do SDGs make it possible to define indicators that stakeholders consider relevant? 1.2 Do SDGs bring stakeholders together around a common notion for sustainable development? It is necessary to give a clear definition of the different notions used in that working hypothesis. "Effective" is defined as "that achieves its goal, that leads to useful results", which is understood in the sense of creating a common vision, that could then easily be implemented. For conducting this research project, and because of the limited time available, a focus on three illustrative SDGs will be done (for example: 13. Climate action, 5. Gender equality, 12. Responsible consumption and production or 7. Energy, 9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure, 4. Quality education). This choice should however not erase the general theoretical frame from our minds. The methodology for this project would consist in a comparative case study on processes and reference frame choices for implementing sustainability (and more specifically by means of sustainability's indicators definition) at a university campus level. The different steps would be as follows: a) Literature review b) Review of sustainability policies at the universities c) Application of the MONET methodology (similar to the canton de Vaud methodology) to define indicators relative to those SDGs for the administrative services of EPFL: (i) distribution of the targets to the respectively responsible services; (ii) review of existing indicators at the EPFL campus level (cf. GRI reporting in 2012 and 2014) and matching to the targets at issue; (iii) participative definition (by the services) of indicator(s) for each target, based on the existing indicators listed d) Analysis of the proposed methodology for indicators definition: (i) qualitative data collection (survey and interviews with key stakeholders); (ii) qualitative data analysis (are the defined indicators seen as relevant by the stakeholders? Do stakeholders share a common vision of the notion of sustainability?) e) Comparative analysis of another methodology for indicators definition (in another university): (i) quantitative analysis: are the selected indicators similar? (ii) qualitative analysis: are the defined indicators seen as relevant by the stakeholders? Do the stakeholders share a common vision of the notion of sustainability?

2020

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There has been a significant growth in freight traffic over the last few decades in Europe. The Alps, located in the middle of North-South route, are particularly sensitive regarding this evolution because of their topographic and climatic characteristics. The more flexible road transport has the advantage of meeting the requirements of contemporary production and distribution techniques, thus helping to explain increasing modal split for road transport. The development of road transport resulted in increased air and noise pollution, congestion, and safety concerns (accidents). The advent of the concept of sustainable development has called current modal split into question. It mainly covers the temporal dimension (equity between generations), but sustainable development also has to take into account the territorial dimension (equity inside the same generation). In this context, the consideration of the interaction between traffic and territory is essential. To assess the vulnerability of crossed areas to traffic and mainly to road and railway transalpine freight traffic, in particular to the nuisances they induce, a method has been developed. The use of a Geographic Information System and the development of an indicator system show the interest of this approach to evaluating the impact induced by a modal and/or spatial split of a volume of transalpine freight traffic (scenarios) on the crossed regions' sustainability. Developed to help decision-makers to take decisions meeting the sustainable development objectives, this method counts for the whole "Alpine segment" (Fréjus – Brenner) and is tested on the Swiss territory. The application on the Swiss territory takes railway and road traffic into account and the noise and air pollutions they induce. The development of indicators is based on immission data (concentrations) and on the spatial distribution of the population. This PhD thesis shows that the establishment of relationships between data coming from various sources is possible, even indispensable, to analyse the effect induced by a modal and/or spatial change of transalpine freight traffic. The results of this research reveal that transalpine freight traffic has a significant impact on the short term. To reduce this impact, it appears to be necessary to act on transalpine freight traffic but also on freight traffic in general. A change in a modal and spatial split of a transalpine freight traffic volume is able to reduce this impact but the situation will still not be satisfying.

EPFL2007

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Towards a sustainable development licence to operate for the extractive sector

Bruno Maria Camelo Oberle

The extractive sector now holds an even more predominant position for national economies following the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. The sector can make significant contributions to the achievement of a large number of these Goals. Managing extractive resources has always presented a major challenge for many countries worldwide, but especially in the developing world. This paper documents the shortcomings of the existing governance architecture. It builds on the 'social licence to operate' and draws from its limitations to propose a new framework called the 'sustainable development licence to operate'. The latter is a holistic multilevel and multi-stakeholder governance framework aimed at enhancing the contribution of the mining sector to sustainable development. It is not intended to function as a licence in the regulatory sense. The underlying principles, policy options and best practices that form the basis of the proposed framework are outlined in the paper. This analysis should be viewed as a starting point, in recognition that the development of a robust sustainable development licence to operate depends on an open and inclusive approach to populating its normative content.

Springer Heidelberg2017

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The 2030 Agenda to assess the sustainability of campus operations: EPFL as a case study

Léa Barbey

2020

EPFL2007