Heart development

Heart development, also known as cardiogenesis, refers to the prenatal development of the heart. This begins with the formation of two endocardial tubes which merge to form the tubular heart, also called the primitive heart tube. The heart is the first functional organ in vertebrate embryos. The tubular heart quickly differentiates into the truncus arteriosus, bulbus cordis, primitive ventricle, primitive atrium, and the sinus venosus. The truncus arteriosus splits into the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The bulbus cordis forms part of the ventricles. The sinus venosus connects to the fetal circulation. The heart tube elongates on the right side, looping and becoming the first visual sign of left-right asymmetry of the body. Septa form within the atria and ventricles to separate the left and right sides of the heart. Early development The heart derives from embryonic mesodermal germ layer cells that differentiate after gastrulation into mesothelium, endothelium, a

À propos de ce résultat

Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.

Publications associées (4)

Publications associées

Chargement

Personnes associées

Chargement

Unités associées

Chargement

Concepts associés (10)

Concepts associés

Chargement

Cours associés (2)

Cours associés

Chargement

Séances de cours associées (2)

Séances de cours associées

Chargement

Cœur

Le cœur est un organe musculaire creux qui assure la circulation sanguine en pompant le sang vers les vaisseaux sanguins et les cavités du corps à travers des contractions rythmiques. L'adjectif c

Grossesse

La grossesse, appelée aussi gestation humaine, est l'état d'une femme enceinte, c'est-à-dire portant un embryon ou un fœtus humain, en principe au sein de l'utérus, qui est dit gravide. En général,

Gastrulation

thumb|300px|1 - blastula, 2 - gastrula ; en orange - ectoderme), en rouge - endoderme (ou endoblaste). La gastrulation correspond à la seconde phase de développement embryonnaire lors de laque

Capturing Cardiogenesis in Gastruloids

Andrea Boni, Nicolas Antoine Vincent Broguiere, Mehmet Ugur Girgin, Romain Guiet, Matthias Lütolf, Giuliana Rossi

Organoids are powerful models for studying tissue development, physiology, and disease. However, current culture systems disrupt the inductive tissue-tissue interactions needed for the complex morphogenetic processes of native organogenesis. Here, we show that mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) can be coaxed to robustly undergo fundamental steps of early heart organogenesis with an in-vivo-like spatiotemporal fidelity. These axially patterned embryonic organoids (gastruloids) mimic embryonic development and support the generation of cardiovascular progenitors, including first and second heart fields. The cardiac progenitors self-organize into an anterior domain reminiscent of a cardiac crescent before forming a beating cardiac tissue near a putative primitive gut-like tube, from which it is separated by an endocardial-like layer. These findings unveil the surprising morphogenetic potential of mESCs to execute key aspects of organogenesis through the coordinated development of multiple tissues. This platform could be an excellent tool for studying heart development in unprecedented detail and throughput.

CELL PRESS2021

Chargement

Mutations in Bcl9 and Pygo genes cause congenital heart defects by tissue-specific perturbation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling

Michel Aguet

Bcl9 and Pygopus (Pygo) are obligate Wnt/beta-catenin cofactors in Drosophila, yet their contribution to Wnt signaling during vertebrate development remains unresolved. Combining zebrafish and mouse genetics, we document a conserved, beta-catenin-associated function for BCL9 and Pygo proteins during vertebrate heart development. Disrupting the beta-catenin-BCL9-Pygo complex results in a broadly maintained canonical Wnt response yet perturbs heart development and proper expression of key cardiac regulators. Our work highlights BCL9 and Pygo as selective beta-catenin cofactors in a subset of canonical Wnt responses during vertebrate development. Moreover, our results implicate alterations in BCL9 and BCL9L in human congenital heart defects.

COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT2018

Chargement

Failure of ventral closure and axial rotation in embryos lacking the proprotein convertase Furin

Daniel Constam

We have examined the role of Furin in postimplantation-stage mouse embryos by analyzing both the expression pattern of fur mRNA and the developmental consequences of a loss-of-function mutation at the fur locus. At early stages (day 7.5), fur mRNA is abundant in extraembryonic endoderm and mesoderm, anterior visceral endoderm, and in precardiac mesoderm. 1 day later fur is expressed throughout the heart tube and in the lateral plate mesoderm, notochordal plate and definitive gut endoderm. Embryos lacking Furin die between days 10.5 and 11.5, presumably due to hemodynamic insufficiency associated with severe ventral closure defects and the failure of the heart tube to fuse and undergo looping morphogenesis. Morphogenesis of the yolk sac vasculature is also abnormal, although blood islands and endothelial precursors form. Analysis of cardiac and endodermal marker genes shows that while both myocardial precursors and definitive endoderm cells are specified, their numbers and migratory properties are compromised. Notably, mutant embryos fail to undergo axial rotation, even though Nodal and eHand, two molecular markers of left-right asymmetry, are appropriately expressed. Overall, the present data identify Furin as an important activator of signals responsible for ventral closure and embryonic turning.

1998

Chargement

BIO-221: Cell and developmental biology for engineers

Students will learn essentials of cell and developmental biology, with an emphasis on animal model systems and quantitative approaches.

BIO-392: Oncology

This course provides a comprehensive overview of the biology of cancer, illustrating the mechanisms that cancer cells use to grow and disseminate at the expense of normal tissues and organs.