Conception centrée sur l'utilisateur

La conception centrée sur l'utilisateur ou conception orientée utilisateur (UCD, user-centered design en anglais) est une philosophie et une démarche de conception surtout présente en ergonomie informatique, où les besoins, les attentes et les caractéristiques propres des utilisateurs finaux sont pris en compte à chaque étape du processus de développement d'un produit. La norme ISO 9241-210 qui annule et remplace la norme ISO 13407 définit sept ensembles de pratique de base pour mettre en œuvre le processus de conception centrée sur l'utilisateur. La conception centrée sur l'utilisateur est principalement utilisée en conception informatique et s'appuie sur des critères d'ergonomie et d'utilisabilité. Cette démarche se distingue fortement d'autres démarches de conception en cherchant à adapter le produit (généralement l'interface utilisateur) à l'utilisateur final plutôt que de lui imposer un mode d'utilisation choisi par les concepteurs. Principe La démarche de concep

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Utilisabilité

L’utilisabilité, ou encore aptitude à l'utilisation est définie par la norme ISO 9241-11 comme « le degré selon lequel un produit peut être utilisé, par des utilisateurs identifiés, pour atteindre des

Interactions homme-machine

thumb|Personne plongée dans la réalité virtuelle grâce à un visiocasque et un gant électronique. thumb|L'interface homme-machine d'un des ordinateurs de bord des missions Apollo. L'interaction Homme-

Design

vignette|Chaise de Charles Rennie Mackintosh, 1897. Le design, le stylisme ou la stylique est une activité de création souvent à vocation industrielle ou commerciale, pouvant s’orient

Pictorial System Usability Scale (P-SUS): Developing an Instrument for Measuring Perceived Usability

Andreas Sonderegger

We have developed a pictorial multi-item scale, called P-SUS (Pictorial System Usability Scale), which aims to measure the perceived usability of mobile devices. The scale is based on the established verbal usability questionnaire SUS (System Usability Scale). A user-centred design process was employed to develop and refine its 10 pictorial items. The scale was tested in a first validation study (N=60) using student participants. Psychometric properties (convergent validity, criterion-related validity, sensitivity, and reliability), as well as the motivation to fill in the scale were assessed. The results indicated satisfactory convergent validity for about two-thirds of the items. Furthermore, strong correlations were obtained for the sum scores between verbal and pictorial SUS, and the pictorial scale was perceived as more motivating than the verbal questionnaire. The P-SUS represents a first attempt to provide a pictorial usability scale for the evaluation of (mobile) devices.

ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY2019

Chargement

Office densification effects on comfort, energy, and carbon lifecycle performance: An integrated and exploratory study

Endrit Hoxha, Thomas Bernard Paul Jusselme, Cédric Liardet

Generally, the environmental impacts of buildings are benchmarked per square meter as a functional unit. However, this practice prevents developing a user-centered approach in which performance is linked to real usage and not building size. Currently, the less a building is used, the lower the energy consumed during its use and, consequently, the impact per square meter, which does not make sense regarding both usability and environmental performance. Following user-centered design principles, the goal of the present research is to assess the environmental impact of buildings based on novel user-based functional units and to understand the environmental impact consequences of office occupation density. An experiment within the area of an academic office offered the opportunity to test the densification of working spaces and evaluate the resulting environmental and comfort impacts. In the end, the new user-based functional units highlight a reduction of all environmental indicators by almost 50 %. Also, the functional unit "eq-nominal people per effective presence" is introduced as most suitable to evaluate environmental performance according to real building usage, as a complement to square meter function units.

2020

Chargement

Pictorial usability inventory (PUI)

Andreas Sonderegger

The Pictorial Usability Inventory (PUI) is an image-based instrument that was designed for the assessment of perceived usability of smartphone apps. The aim was to provide users with an easy and intuitive access to the evaluation of perceived usability. PUI was developed in several iterations using a user-centred approach. The pictorial items were based on selected items of various standardized usability questionnaires. A pilot study with 83 participants was conducted online to test the psychometric properties of the newly developed instrument. The factor structure, reliability, convergent, divergent and criterion-related validity, and sensitivity of the instrument were evaluated. Furthermore, respondent motivation, questionnaire preference, and questionnaire completion time were assessed. Participants interacted first with a prototype of the app in which the product-inherent usability was manipulated on two levels. The manipulation was implemented using a between-subjects design. Afterwards, participants completed the PUI and further verbal instruments to evaluate usability, as well as further questionnaires to determine the different forms of validity. First results indicate good psychometric qualities of the scale and an increased motivation among participants when completing the questionnaire. Nevertheless, 60% of the participants preferred the verbal scales. In addition, questionnaire completion time was longer for verbal scales. Some ideas for the further development of the PUI are discussed.

Association for Computing Machinery2020

Chargement

CS-486: Interaction design

This course focuses on goal-directed design and interaction design, two subjects treated in depth in the Cooper book (see reference below). To practice these two methods, we propose a design challenge, which is further divided into mini-projects evenly spaced throughout the semester.

MGT-409: D. Thinking: real problems, human-focused solutions

This course aims to engage students into multidisciplinary collaboration to tackle real world problems with a human centered approach. It will also provide knowledge about the role of design in innovation.

MGT-411: Innovation management

This is a collection of lectures on "structured innovation systems," codified approaches to stimulating and managing the process of innovation. Some of the systems to be covered may be Design Thinking, Open Innovation, Crowdsourcing, Lean Innovation, and other structured innovation systems.