Concept
Dualité (géométrie projective)
Concepts associés (25)
Correlation (projective geometry)
In projective geometry, a correlation is a transformation of a d-dimensional projective space that maps subspaces of dimension k to subspaces of dimension d − k − 1, reversing inclusion and preserving incidence. Correlations are also called reciprocities or reciprocal transformations. In the real projective plane, points and lines are dual to each other. As expressed by Coxeter, A correlation is a point-to-line and a line-to-point transformation that preserves the relation of incidence in accordance with the principle of duality.
Collineation
In projective geometry, a collineation is a one-to-one and onto map (a bijection) from one projective space to another, or from a projective space to itself, such that the of collinear points are themselves collinear. A collineation is thus an isomorphism between projective spaces, or an automorphism from a projective space to itself. Some authors restrict the definition of collineation to the case where it is an automorphism. The set of all collineations of a space to itself form a group, called the collineation group.
Line coordinates
In geometry, line coordinates are used to specify the position of a line just as point coordinates (or simply coordinates) are used to specify the position of a point. There are several possible ways to specify the position of a line in the plane. A simple way is by the pair (m, b) where the equation of the line is y = mx + b. Here m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. This system specifies coordinates for all lines that are not vertical. However, it is more common and simpler algebraically to use coordinates (l, m) where the equation of the line is lx + my + 1 = 0.
Desargues configuration
In geometry, the Desargues configuration is a configuration of ten points and ten lines, with three points per line and three lines per point. It is named after Girard Desargues. The Desargues configuration can be constructed in two dimensions from the points and lines occurring in Desargues's theorem, in three dimensions from five planes in general position, or in four dimensions from the 5-cell, the four-dimensional regular simplex. It has a large group of symmetries, taking any point to any other point and any line to any other line.
Théorème des cinq points
En géométrie, le théorème des cinq points est un énoncé sur les coniques du plan, démontré initialement par Blaise Pascal. Il assure que par cinq points trois à trois non alignés passe une unique conique propre. Ce théorème admet des versions dégénérées, par exemple, avec quatre conditions d'incidence et une de tangence : il existe une unique conique propre passant par quatre points trois à trois non alignés, et tangente en l'un de ces points à une droite prescrite ne contenant aucun des trois autres points ; ou encore, avec trois conditions d'incidence et deux de tangence : il existe une unique conique propre passant par trois points non alignés prescrits, et tangente en chacun des deux premiers points à une droite prescrite qui ne contient qu'un seul des trois points.