Instruction-level parallelismInstruction-level parallelism (ILP) is the parallel or simultaneous execution of a sequence of instructions in a computer program. More specifically ILP refers to the average number of instructions run per step of this parallel execution. ILP must not be confused with concurrency. In ILP there is a single specific thread of execution of a process. On the other hand, concurrency involves the assignment of multiple threads to a CPU's core in a strict alternation, or in true parallelism if there are enough CPU cores, ideally one core for each runnable thread.
SIMTSIMT (de l'Single Instruction, Multiple Threads, selon la taxonomie de Flynn) est une amélioration de SIMD (de l'Single Instruction, Multiple Data) qui permettait sur des processeur arithmétique spécialisés de faire des calculs sur plusieurs données en une seule instruction, en l'adaptant au calcul multithread (c'est-à-dire, comportant plusieurs files d'exécution). MIMD (multiple instruction, multiple data) SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) SPMD (Single Pogram, Multiple Data) Processeur vectoriel Cat
Field-programmable gate arrayA field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit designed to be configured after manufacturing. The FPGA configuration is generally specified using a hardware description language (HDL), similar to that used for an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Circuit diagrams were previously used to specify the configuration, but this is increasingly rare due to the advent of electronic design automation tools. FPGAs contain an array of programmable logic blocks, and a hierarchy of reconfigurable interconnects allowing blocks to be wired together.
Semiconductor intellectual property coreIn electronic design, a semiconductor intellectual property core (SIP core), IP core, or IP block is a reusable unit of logic, cell, or integrated circuit layout design that is the intellectual property of one party. IP cores can be licensed to another party or owned and used by a single party. The term comes from the licensing of the patent or source code copyright that exists in the design. Designers of system on chip (SoC), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) and systems of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) logic can use IP cores as building blocks.
Intel Core 2Les sont une famille de microprocesseurs x86-64 grand-public, fabriqués par Intel à partir de la microarchitecture Core et existant en versions mono (« Solo »), double (« Duo ») ou quadruple cœurs (« Quad »). Couvrant une grande variété de domaines d'utilisation (ordinateurs de bureau, portables, ultra portables, stations de travail et serveurs), ils furent produits de 2006 à 2011. Leurs successeurs furent les microprocesseurs de la famille Nehalem, utilisant une microarchitecture du même nom.
Système de santévignette|Système de santé universel Un système de santé ou système de soins de santé décrit les moyens organisationnels et stratégiques mis en place par pays, par zones géographiques ou entités communautaires, afin d'assurer une continuité et une qualité des prestations de santé médicale. Il réunit toutes les organisations, institutions et ressources qui interviennent en matière de santé et qui fournissent des soins formels (médecins, infirmiers, maternité, hôpitaux et pharmacies), des soins informels (guérisseurs traditionnels, travailleurs communautaires) ainsi que d'autres services, comme la recherche.
Manycore processorManycore processors are special kinds of multi-core processors designed for a high degree of parallel processing, containing numerous simpler, independent processor cores (from a few tens of cores to thousands or more). Manycore processors are used extensively in embedded computers and high-performance computing. Manycore processors are distinct from multi-core processors in being optimized from the outset for a higher degree of explicit parallelism, and for higher throughput (or lower power consumption) at the expense of latency and lower single-thread performance.
Dynamic frequency scalingDynamic frequency scaling (also known as CPU throttling) is a power management technique in computer architecture whereby the frequency of a microprocessor can be automatically adjusted "on the fly" depending on the actual needs, to conserve power and reduce the amount of heat generated by the chip. Dynamic frequency scaling helps preserve battery on mobile devices and decrease cooling cost and noise on quiet computing settings, or can be useful as a security measure for overheated systems (e.g.
Multigate deviceA multigate device, multi-gate MOSFET or multi-gate field-effect transistor (MuGFET) refers to a metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) that has more than one gate on a single transistor. The multiple gates may be controlled by a single gate electrode, wherein the multiple gate surfaces act electrically as a single gate, or by independent gate electrodes. A multigate device employing independent gate electrodes is sometimes called a multiple-independent-gate field-effect transistor (MIGFET).
Personal health recordA personal health record (PHR) is a health record where health data and other information related to the care of a patient is maintained by the patient. This stands in contrast to the more widely used electronic medical record, which is operated by institutions (such as hospitals) and contains data entered by clinicians (such as billing data) to support insurance claims. The intention of a PHR is to provide a complete and accurate summary of an individual's medical history which is accessible online.
