Energy operatorIn quantum mechanics, energy is defined in terms of the energy operator, acting on the wave function of the system as a consequence of time translation symmetry. It is given by: It acts on the wave function (the probability amplitude for different configurations of the system) The energy operator corresponds to the full energy of a system. The Schrödinger equation describes the space- and time-dependence of the slow changing (non-relativistic) wave function of a quantum system.
Transformations de LorentzCet article présente les transformations de Lorentz sous un aspect technique. Le lecteur désireux d'obtenir des informations physiques plus générales à ce sujet pourra se référer à l'article Relativité restreinte. thumb|Hendrik Lorentz en 1916. Les transformations de Lorentz sont des transformations linéaires des coordonnées d'un point de l'espace-temps de Minkowski à quatre dimensions.
Relativistic angular momentumIn physics, relativistic angular momentum refers to the mathematical formalisms and physical concepts that define angular momentum in special relativity (SR) and general relativity (GR). The relativistic quantity is subtly different from the three-dimensional quantity in classical mechanics. Angular momentum is an important dynamical quantity derived from position and momentum. It is a measure of an object's rotational motion and resistance to changes in its rotation.
Gravité quantiqueLa gravité quantique est une branche de la physique théorique tentant d'unifier la mécanique quantique et la relativité générale. Une telle théorie permettrait notamment de comprendre les phénomènes impliquant de grandes quantités de matière ou d'énergie sur de petites dimensions spatiales, tels que les trous noirs ou l'origine de l'Univers. L'approche générale utilisée pour obtenir une théorie de la gravité quantique est, présumant que la théorie sous-jacente doit être simple et élégante, d'examiner les symétries et indices permettant de combiner mécanique quantique et la relativité générale en une théorie globale unifiée.
Quantifications canoniquesEn physique, la quantification canonique est une procédure pour quantifier une théorie classique, tout en essayant de préserver au maximum la structure formelle, comme les symétries, de la théorie classique. Historiquement, ce n'était pas tout à fait la voie de Werner Heisenberg pour obtenir la mécanique quantique, mais Paul Dirac l'a introduite dans sa thèse de doctorat de 1926, la «méthode de l'analogie classique» pour la quantification, et l'a détaillée dans son texte classique.
Relativistic heat conductionRelativistic heat conduction refers to the modelling of heat conduction (and similar diffusion processes) in a way compatible with special relativity. In special (and general) relativity, the usual heat equation for non-relativistic heat conduction must be modified, as it leads to faster-than-light signal propagation. Relativistic heat conduction, therefore, encompasses a set of models for heat propagation in continuous media (solids, fluids, gases) that are consistent with relativistic causality, namely the principle that an effect must be within the light-cone associated to its cause.
Texture (pétrographie)En pétrographie, la texture d'une roche (parfois mal appelée « structure », puisque ces deux notions sont différentes), caractérise l'arrangement des cristaux entre eux à l'échelle de l'échantillon, de la lame mince ou même à une échelle plus fine.
Mass in special relativityThe word "mass" has two meanings in special relativity: invariant mass (also called rest mass) is an invariant quantity which is the same for all observers in all reference frames, while the relativistic mass is dependent on the velocity of the observer. According to the concept of mass–energy equivalence, invariant mass is equivalent to rest energy, while relativistic mass is equivalent to relativistic energy (also called total energy).
Cleavage (geology)Cleavage, in structural geology and petrology, describes a type of planar rock feature that develops as a result of deformation and metamorphism. The degree of deformation and metamorphism along with rock type determines the kind of cleavage feature that develops. Generally, these structures are formed in fine grained rocks composed of minerals affected by pressure solution. Cleavage is a type of rock foliation, a fabric element that describes the way planar features develop in a rock.
Space–time codeA space–time code (STC) is a method employed to improve the reliability of data transmission in wireless communication systems using multiple transmit antennas. STCs rely on transmitting multiple, redundant copies of a data stream to the receiver in the hope that at least some of them may survive the physical path between transmission and reception in a good enough state to allow reliable decoding. Space time codes may be split into two main types: Space–time trellis codes (STTCs) distribute a trellis code over multiple antennas and multiple time-slots and provide both coding gain and diversity gain.
