In algebra, given a ring R, the category of left modules over R is the whose are all left modules over R and whose morphisms are all module homomorphisms between left R-modules. For example, when R is the ring of integers Z, it is the same thing as the . The category of right modules is defined in a similar way.
One can also define the category of bimodules over a ring R but that category is equivalent to the category of left (or right) modules over the enveloping algebra of R (or over the opposite of that).
Note: Some authors use the term for the category of modules. This term can be ambiguous since it could also refer to a category with a .
The categories of left and right modules are . These categories have enough projectives and enough injectives. Mitchell's embedding theorem states every abelian category arises as a of the category of modules of some ring.
Projective limits and inductive limits exist in the categories of left and right modules.
Over a commutative ring, together with the tensor product of modules ⊗, the category of modules is a .
A monoid object of the category of modules over a commutative ring R is exactly an associative algebra over R.
See also: compact object (a compact object in the R-mod is exactly a finitely presented module).
FinVect
The K-Vect (some authors use VectK) has all vector spaces over a field K as objects, and K-linear maps as morphisms. Since vector spaces over K (as a field) are the same thing as modules over the ring K, K-Vect is a special case of R-Mod (some authors use ModR), the category of left R-modules.
Much of linear algebra concerns the description of K-Vect. For example, the dimension theorem for vector spaces says that the isomorphism classes in K-Vect correspond exactly to the cardinal numbers, and that K-Vect is equivalent to the of K-Vect which has as its objects the vector spaces Kn, where n is any cardinal number.
The category of sheaves of modules over a ringed space also has enough injectives (though not always enough projectives).
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In mathematics, more specifically algebra, abstract algebra or modern algebra is the study of algebraic structures. Algebraic structures include groups, rings, fields, modules, vector spaces, lattices, and algebras over a field. The term abstract algebra was coined in the early 20th century to distinguish it from older parts of algebra, and more specifically from elementary algebra, the use of variables to represent numbers in computation and reasoning.
In mathematics, the tensor product of modules is a construction that allows arguments about bilinear maps (e.g. multiplication) to be carried out in terms of linear maps. The module construction is analogous to the construction of the tensor product of vector spaces, but can be carried out for a pair of modules over a commutative ring resulting in a third module, and also for a pair of a right-module and a left-module over any ring, with result an abelian group.
In , the notion of a projective object generalizes the notion of a projective module. Projective objects in are used in homological algebra. The dual notion of a projective object is that of an injective object. An in a category is projective if for any epimorphism and morphism , there is a morphism such that , i.e. the following diagram commutes: That is, every morphism factors through every epimorphism . If C is , i.e.
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