Osseointegration

Summary

Osseointegration (from Latin osseus "bony" and integrare "to make whole") is the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing artificial implant ("load-bearing" as defined by Albrektsson et al. in 1981). A more recent definition (by Schroeder et al.) defines osseointegration as "functional ankylosis (bone adherence)", where new bone is laid down directly on the implant surface and the implant exhibits mechanical stability (i.e., resistance to destabilization by mechanical agitation or shear forces). Osseointegration has enhanced the science of medical bone and joint replacement techniques as well as dental implants and improving prosthetics for amputees. Definitions Osseointegration is also defined as: "the formation of a direct interface between an implant and bone, without intervening soft tissue". An osseointegrated implant is a type of implant defined as "an endosteal implant containing pores into which osteoblasts a

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osseointegration

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The interfacial micromotion is closely associated to the long-term success of cementless hip prostheses. Various techniques have been proposed to measure them, but only a limited number of points over the stem surface can be measured simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a new technique based on μCT to measure locally interfacial micromotions between the metallic stem and the surrounding bone. Tantalum beads were spread and stuck at the stem and endosteal surfaces. Relative micromotions were measured at different loading amplitudes. The error was 10 μm and the maximal micromotion was 60 at 1400 N. This pilot study provided a local measurement of the micromotion at 8 points simultaneously, but this technique could be easily extended to a couple of hundreds of points covering the entire stem surface. This new technique could be used to compare the primary stability of different cementless stem designs, and other implants.

2010

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The interfacial micromotion is closely associated to the long-term success of cementless hip prostheses. Various techniques have been proposed to measure them, but only a few number of points over the stem surface can be measured simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a new technique based on micro Computer Tomography (μCT) to measure locally the relative interfacial micromotions between the metallic stem and the surrounding femoral bone. Tantalum beads were stuck at the stem surface and spread at the endosteal surface. Relative micromotions between the stem and the endosteal bone surfaces were measured at different loading amplitudes. The estimated error was 10 μm and the maximal micromotion was 60 μm, in the loading direction, at 1400 N. This pilot study provided a local measurement of the micromotions in the 3 direction and at 8 locations on the stem surface simultaneously. This technique could be easily extended to higher loads and a much larger number of points, covering the entire stem surface and providing a quasi-continuous distribution of the 3D interfacial micromotions around the stem. The new measurement method would be very useful to compare the induced micromotions of different stem designs and to optimize the primary stability of cementless total hip arthroplasty.

Elsevier2011

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Purpose The aim of this study is to quantitatively compare the difference in primary stability between collarless and collared versions of the same femoral stem. Specifically, we tested differences in subsidence and micromotion. Methods Collarless and collared versions of the same cementless femoral stem were implanted in two groups of six fresh-frozen cadaveric femurs. Each implanted femur was then subsequently tested for axial compressive and torsional loadings. A micro-CT based technique was applied to quantify implant subsidence and compute the map of local micromotion around the femoral stems. Micromotion of collarless and collared stems was compared in each Gruen zone. Results Subsidence was higher but not significantly (p = 0.352) with collarless (41.0 +/- 29.9 mu m) than with collared stems (37.0 +/- 44.6 mu m). In compression, micromotion was lower (p = 0.257) with collarless (19.5 +/- 5 mu m) than with collared stems (43.3 +/- 33.1 mu m). In torsion, micromotion was also lower (p = 0.476) with collarless (96.9 +/- 59.8 mu m) than collared stems (118.7 +/- 45.0 mu m). Micromotion was only significantly lower (p = 0.001) in Gruen zone 1 and for compression with collarless (7.0 +/- 0.6 mu m) than with collared stems (22.6 +/- 25.5 mu m). Conclusions Primary stability was achieved for both stem designs, with a mean micromotion below the osseointegration threshold. Under loading conditions similar to those observed in normal daily activity and with good press-fit, the collar had no influence on subsidence or micromotion. Further studies are required to test the potential advantage of collar with higher loads, undersized stems, or osteoporotic femurs.

Springer Verlag2018