Posttranslational Modifications: Phosphorylation and Protein Phosphatases

This lecture covers posttranslational modifications, focusing on phosphorylation and protein phosphatases. It explains the chemically defined modifications performed on amino acids, the mechanisms of kinase specificity assays, and the optimal phosphorylation consensus. The instructor discusses the reasons for phosphorylation, the regulation of kinase activity, and the catalytic mechanisms of tyrosine phosphatases. The lecture also delves into the human tyrosine phosphatome, the structure of autoinhibited c-Src, and the regulation of C-Src. Additionally, it explores the Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent kinases and their regulatory mechanisms. The lecture concludes with key take-home messages on the differences between Ser/Thr and Tyr-phosphatases, the importance of tyrosine phosphorylation, and the regulation of protein kinases.