Molecular scale electronicsMolecular scale electronics, also called single-molecule electronics, is a branch of nanotechnology that uses single molecules, or nanoscale collections of single molecules, as electronic components. Because single molecules constitute the smallest stable structures imaginable, this miniaturization is the ultimate goal for shrinking electrical circuits. The field is often termed simply as "molecular electronics", but this term is also used to refer to the distantly related field of conductive polymers and organic electronics, which uses the properties of molecules to affect the bulk properties of a material.
CryptandLes cryptands sont une famille de ligands synthétiques bicycliques ou polycycliques pour une sorte de cation. En 1987, le prix Nobel de chimie a été attribué à Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, et Charles J. Pedersen pour leur travail sur les utilisations des cryptands et les éthers couronnes, ce qui a donné naissance au domaine de la chimie supramoléculaire. Le terme cryptand évoque étymologiquement que le ligand lie les substrats ou ses molécules-cibles dans une crypte, c'est-à-dire de manière durable, comme on conservait les morts dans une tombe dans une crypte.
Platinum nanoparticlePlatinum nanoparticles are usually in the form of a suspension or colloid of nanoparticles of platinum in a fluid, usually water. A colloid is technically defined as a stable dispersion of particles in a fluid medium (liquid or gas). Spherical platinum nanoparticles can be made with sizes between about 2 and 100 nanometres (nm), depending on reaction conditions. Platinum nanoparticles are suspended in the colloidal solution of brownish-red or black color. Nanoparticles come in wide variety of shapes including spheres, rods, cubes, and tetrahedra.
Matériau mésoporeuxredresse=1.33|vignette|Vues au microscope électronique d'un matériau carboné nanostructuré azoté () prises parallèlement (a) et orthogonalement (b) à la direction des canaux. Un matériau mésoporeux est un matériau dont les pores ont un diamètre compris entre selon la définition de l'IUPAC. L'IUPAC définit ainsi un matériau dont les pores ont un diamètre inférieur à comme microporeux, et un matériau dont les pores ont un diamètre supérieur à comme macroporeux.
Optical properties of carbon nanotubesThe optical properties of carbon nanotubes are highly relevant for materials science. The way those materials interact with electromagnetic radiation is unique in many respects, as evidenced by their peculiar absorption, photoluminescence (fluorescence), and Raman spectra. Carbon nanotubes are unique "one-dimensional" materials, whose hollow fibers (tubes) have a unique and highly ordered atomic and electronic structure, and can be made in a wide range of dimension. The diameter typically varies from 0.
Oxyde de graphiteL'oxyde de graphite, autrefois appelé oxyde graphitique ou acide graphitique, est un composé inorganique de carbone, oxygène et hydrogène dans des ratios atomiques variables. Il est obtenu en traitant du graphite avec des oxydants forts. Le produit le plus oxydé est le solide jaune avec un ratio C:O entre 2,1 et 2,9 qui conserve la structure en couche du graphite mais avec des espaces intercouches beaucoup plus larges et irréguliers.
Glassy carbonGlass-like carbon, often called glassy carbon or vitreous carbon, is a non-graphitizing, or nongraphitizable, carbon which combines glassy and ceramic properties with those of graphite. The most important properties are high temperature resistance, hardness (7 Mohs), low density, low electrical resistance, low friction, low thermal resistance, extreme resistance to chemical attack, and impermeability to gases and liquids. Glassy carbon is widely used as an electrode material in electrochemistry, for high-temperature crucibles, and as a component of some prosthetic devices.
Kelvin probe force microscopeKelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), also known as surface potential microscopy, is a noncontact variant of atomic force microscopy (AFM). By raster scanning in the x,y plane the work function of the sample can be locally mapped for correlation with sample features. When there is little or no magnification, this approach can be described as using a scanning Kelvin probe (SKP). These techniques are predominantly used to measure corrosion and coatings. With KPFM, the work function of surfaces can be observed at atomic or molecular scales.
Transmission electron cryomicroscopyTransmission electron cryomicroscopy (CryoTEM), commonly known as cryo-EM, is a form of cryogenic electron microscopy, more specifically a type of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) where the sample is studied at cryogenic temperatures (generally liquid-nitrogen temperatures). Cryo-EM is gaining popularity in structural biology. The utility of transmission electron cryomicroscopy stems from the fact that it allows the observation of specimens that have not been stained or fixed in any way, showing them in their native environment.
Nano-argentvignette|Nanoparticules d'argent, vues au microscope électronique. Le est un nanomatériau à base d'atomes d'argent, produit sous forme de nanoparticules par des nanotechnologies. En solution, il porte le nom d'. En 2008, selon les producteurs, environ /an de nano-argent auraient déjà été produites dans le monde, sous forme d'ions argent, de particules d’argent protéinées (silver proteins) ou de colloïdes utilisés comme biocide.
