Trouble de la personnalité

250px|vignette|droite|Le DSM-5, version originale anglaise, avec son prédécesseur, le DSM-IV-TR, version française Un trouble de la personnalité désigne, en psychiatrie et dans l'approche suivant les préceptes du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux (DSM-5), une catégorie de traits de la personnalité mal adaptés impliquant fonctions cognitives et comportementales. Les définitions peuvent varier selon d'autres sources. Les troubles de la personnalité sont notés sur l'axe 2 du DSM-IV-TR de l'Association américaine de psychiatrie et dans le Chapitre 05 de la CIM-10 (Classification internationale des maladies), publiée par l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS). D'un côté, la personnalité, comme psychologiquement définie, désigne les traits comportementaux et psychologiques qui distinguent chaque individu. D'un autre côté, un trouble de la personnalité est défini par un ou plusieurs comportements différents des normes et attentes sociétales. Les individus diagnostiqu

À propos de ce résultat

Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.

Publications associées (4)

Publications associées

Chargement

Personnes associées

Chargement

Unités associées

Chargement

Concepts associés (59)

Concepts associés

Chargement

Cours associés (5)

Cours associés

Chargement

Séances de cours associées (4)

Séances de cours associées

Chargement

BIO-480: Neuroscience: from molecular mechanisms to disease

The goal of the course is to guide students through the essential aspects of molecular neuroscience and neurodegenerative diseases. The student will gain the ability to dissect the molecular basis of disease in the nervous system in order to begin to understand and identify therapeutic strategies.

BIO-482: Neuroscience: cellular and circuit mechanisms

This course focuses on the cellular mechanisms of mammalian brain function. We will describe how neurons communicate through synaptic transmission in order to process sensory information ultimately leading to motor behavior.

BIO-373: Genetics and genomics

The theoretical part of this course covers classical genetics and contemporary genomics. Because bioinformatics has become important for genomic research, the course also includes practical applications to genomic analyses using Python, including group projects.

The variability of contact position errors in apraxic imitation

Aude Billard, Biljana Petreska von Ritter-Zahony

Apraxia is a poorly understood disorder of voluntary movement that is not due to basic sensory, motor or cognitive deficits. We conducted a study on the imitation of meaningless gestures in apraxic patients with left fronto-temporo-parietal lesions. In a first condition, the patients were instructed to imitate the orientation and position of a hand touching the face (complex task). In a second condition, the patients were instructed to solely imitate the position of contact between the face and hand, using any orientation of the hand (simple task). We did not observe contact position errors (CPEs) in the simple task, which argues in favor of preserved spatial and motor representations of the body. However, the patients made a substantial amount of CPEs in the complex task, indicating a misuse of these spatial and motor representations of the body when the task involved several imitation goals (e.g. the thumb touches the nose and the hand is oriented vertically). The error variability was remarkably low across trials. Most of the CPEs could be explained by an incorrect coordination between the reproductions of multiple imitation goals. If simple movements are easier to imitate and less prone to errors, an efficient rehabilitation therapy may use movements of increasing complexity.

2010

Chargement

Le dehors de toute fête : une sociologie urbaine de la sécurité au Montreux Jazz Festival

Lucien Jean Delley

This thesis is the result of four years of investigation carried out as « security coordinator » of the Monteux Jazz Festival. From this operational commitment, I sought to understand : how the festival is integrated into the city ; what affects the safety of the public and disturbs the urban order ; the apparatus implemented for risk management. The analyses focus on two spatial figures: the club and the park. The first part retraces the difficult adoption of electronic music in the 1990s, before raising questions pertaining to the Strobe Klub in situ, in particular the conditions of production of clubbing - an experience now largely integrated into the regulated and profitable system of urban leisure. The second part focuses on the festive occupation of a public park located outside the perimeter of the event; from a night that degenerates between young people and the police, to the development and implementation of an urban mediation project. The results of this research allow to draw a sociological framework for the festive space by highlighting three urban security regimes (tension, domestication, taming) which correspond to specific ways of dealing with risk (fear, suspicion, relationship) and are part of a dialectic of outside/inside (exclusion, selection, inclusion). These are both personal and collective ways of engaging and experiencing disorder, of preparing spaces or implementing practices. The importance of social work in the management of large public events and other crowd moments also emerges. The «outside of any party» is not only a spatial outside, but the unpredictable part which, in the perspective of hospitality, allows us to reexamine urban security policies.

EPFL2022

Chargement

Schizotypal Perceptual Aberrations of Time: Correlation between Score, Behavior and Brain Activity

Olaf Blanke, Christine Mohr

A fundamental trait of the human self is its continuum experience of space and time. Perceptual aberrations of this spatial and temporal continuity is a major characteristic of schizophrenia spectrum disturbances – including schizophrenia, schizotypal personality disorder and schizotypy. We have previously found the classical Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS) scores, related to body and space, to be positively correlated with both behavior and temporo-parietal activation in healthy participants performing a task involving self-projection in space. However, not much is known about the relationship between temporal perceptual aberration, behavior and brain activity. To this aim, we composed a temporal Perceptual Aberration Scale (tPAS) similar to the traditional PAS. Testing on 170 participants suggested similar performance for PAS and tPAS. We then correlated tPAS and PAS scores to participants' performance and neural activity in a task of self-projection in time. tPAS scores correlated positively with reaction times across task conditions, as did PAS scores. Evoked potential mapping and electrical neuroimaging showed self-projection in time to recruit a network of brain regions at the left anterior temporal cortex, right temporo-parietal junction, and occipito-temporal cortex, and duration of activation in this network positively correlated with tPAS and PAS scores. These data demonstrate that schizotypal perceptual aberrations of both time and space, as reflected by tPAS and PAS scores, are positively correlated with performance and brain activation during self-projection in time in healthy individuals along the schizophrenia spectrum.

Public Library of Science2011

Chargement

Trouble psychique

Un trouble psychique, qui peut être également désigné sous les termes de trouble psychiatrique ou encore de trouble mental, désigne un ensemble d'affections et troubles d'origines très différentes e

Trouble de la personnalité borderline

Le trouble de la personnalité borderline (TPB), ou trouble de la personnalité limite (TPL), est un trouble de la personnalité caractérisé par une impulsivité majeure et une instabilité marquée des ém

Dépression (psychiatrie)

La dépression, également appelée dépression caractérisée, dépression clinique ou dépression majeure, est un trouble psychiatrique caractérisé par des épisodes de baisse d'humeur accompagnée de plus