Concept
Théorie des anneaux
Concepts associés (65)
Socle (mathematics)
In mathematics, the term socle has several related meanings. In the context of group theory, the socle of a group G, denoted soc(G), is the subgroup generated by the minimal normal subgroups of G. It can happen that a group has no minimal non-trivial normal subgroup (that is, every non-trivial normal subgroup properly contains another such subgroup) and in that case the socle is defined to be the subgroup generated by the identity. The socle is a direct product of minimal normal subgroups.
Central simple algebra
In ring theory and related areas of mathematics a central simple algebra (CSA) over a field K is a finite-dimensional associative K-algebra A which is simple, and for which the center is exactly K. (Note that not every simple algebra is a central simple algebra over its center: for instance, if K is a field of characteristic 0, then the Weyl algebra is a simple algebra with center K, but is not a central simple algebra over K as it has infinite dimension as a K-module.
Module monogène
En algèbre, un module monogène est un module qui peut être engendré par un seul élément. Par exemple, un Z-module monogène est un groupe (abélien) monogène. Le concept est analogue à celui de groupe monogène, c'est-à-dire un groupe qui est engendré par un élément. Un R-module gauche M est dit monogène si M peut être engendré par un seul élément, c'est-à-dire s'il existe x dans M tel que M = (x) = Rx = {rx | r ∈ R}. De même, un R-module à droite N est monogène s'il existe y ∈ N tel que N = yR.
Jacobson density theorem
In mathematics, more specifically non-commutative ring theory, modern algebra, and module theory, the Jacobson density theorem is a theorem concerning simple modules over a ring R. The theorem can be applied to show that any primitive ring can be viewed as a "dense" subring of the ring of linear transformations of a vector space. This theorem first appeared in the literature in 1945, in the famous paper "Structure Theory of Simple Rings Without Finiteness Assumptions" by Nathan Jacobson.
Ideal number
In number theory an ideal number is an algebraic integer which represents an ideal in the ring of integers of a number field; the idea was developed by Ernst Kummer, and led to Richard Dedekind's definition of ideals for rings. An ideal in the ring of integers of an algebraic number field is principal if it consists of multiples of a single element of the ring, and nonprincipal otherwise. By the principal ideal theorem any nonprincipal ideal becomes principal when extended to an ideal of the Hilbert class field.
Hilbert series and Hilbert polynomial
In commutative algebra, the Hilbert function, the Hilbert polynomial, and the Hilbert series of a graded commutative algebra finitely generated over a field are three strongly related notions which measure the growth of the dimension of the homogeneous components of the algebra. These notions have been extended to filtered algebras, and graded or filtered modules over these algebras, as well as to coherent sheaves over projective schemes.
Goldie's theorem
In mathematics, Goldie's theorem is a basic structural result in ring theory, proved by Alfred Goldie during the 1950s. What is now termed a right Goldie ring is a ring R that has finite uniform dimension (="finite rank") as a right module over itself, and satisfies the ascending chain condition on right annihilators of subsets of R. Goldie's theorem states that the semiprime right Goldie rings are precisely those that have a semisimple Artinian right classical ring of quotients.
Anneau sans diviseur de zéro
En théorie des anneaux, un anneau sans diviseur de zéro () est un anneau unitaire dans lequel un produit est nul seulement si l'un des facteurs est nul, autrement dit dans lequel l'implication suivante est vérifiée : En d'autres termes, c'est un anneau dans lequel il n'y a aucun diviseur de zéro (ni à droite, ni à gauche). Certains auteurs exigent également que la condition 1 ≠ 0 soit remplie ou, ce qui revient au même, que l'anneau ait au moins deux éléments.
Anneau simple
En mathématiques, un anneau simple est une des structures algébriques utilisées en algèbre générale. Un anneau est dit simple s'il est non nul et n'admet pas d'autres idéaux bilatères que {0} et lui-même. Un anneau commutatif est simple si et seulement si c'est un corps commutatif. Plus généralement, un corps (non nécessairement commutatif) est un anneau simple, et l'anneau des matrices carrées d'ordre n à coefficients dans un corps est simple.
Homogeneous coordinate ring
In algebraic geometry, the homogeneous coordinate ring R of an algebraic variety V given as a subvariety of projective space of a given dimension N is by definition the quotient ring R = K[X0, X1, X2, ..., XN] / I where I is the homogeneous ideal defining V, K is the algebraically closed field over which V is defined, and K[X0, X1, X2, ..., XN] is the polynomial ring in N + 1 variables Xi. The polynomial ring is therefore the homogeneous coordinate ring of the projective space itself, and the variables are the homogeneous coordinates, for a given choice of basis (in the vector space underlying the projective space).