ProbateIn common law jurisdictions probate is the judicial process whereby a will is "proved" in a court of law and accepted as a valid public document that is the true last testament of the deceased, or whereby the estate is settled according to the laws of intestacy in the state of residence of the deceased at time of death in the absence of a legal will. The granting of probate is the first step in the legal process of administering the estate of a deceased person, resolving all claims and distributing the deceased person's property under a will.
Patrimoine (finance)Le patrimoine d'une personne, d'un groupe de personnes (une famille par exemple), d'une organisation (syndicat de copropriété ou société de personnes par exemple) ou administré par une entité fiduciaire (patrimoine d'affectation) est constitué de valeurs mobilières et immobilières. La valeur nette du patrimoine se définit comme étant : une valeur économique d'usage ou de non usage, attribué à l'ensemble des biens matériels ou immatériels le composant ; moins les passifs ; moins les autres engagements financiers hors bilan, comme les responsabilités ou risques potentiels sous condition de leur réalisation.
ImpôtL'impôt constitue un des prélèvements obligatoires effectué par voie d’autorité par la puissance publique (l'État et les collectivités territoriales) sur les ressources des personnes vivant sur son territoire ou y possédant des intérêts. Ce prélèvement est destiné à être affecté par l'intermédiaire des budgets publics au financement de ressources (biens ou services) d'utilité générale.
Droit des biensLe droit des biens ou droits réels est branche du droit qui étudie les relations juridiques dont l'origine ou l'objet se rapporte aux biens ou choses. Le droit des biens s'intéresse aux relations entre personnes et biens. Les biens sont un ensemble qui comporte tant des choses matérielles (voiture) que des choses immatérielles (droit d'auteur), tant des choses meubles (action de société) que des choses immeubles (appartement). Les droits réels comprennent un certain nombre de principes fondamentaux issus de leur nature particulière.
Offshore financial centreAn offshore financial centre (OFC) is defined as a "country or jurisdiction that provides financial services to nonresidents on a scale that is incommensurate with the size and the financing of its domestic economy." "Offshore" does not refer to the location of the OFC, since many Financial Stability Forum–IMF OFCs, such as Delaware, South Dakota, Singapore, Luxembourg and Hong Kong, are located "onshore", but to the fact that the largest users of the OFC are non-resident, i.e. "offshore".
Compagnie (entreprise)Une compagnie est une forme d'organisation d'entreprise. En droit canadien et québécois, le mot compagnie est synonyme de société par actions. Cependant, pour adopter une terminologie plus rigoureuse et afin de moderniser sa législation en matières de sociétés, le législateur québécois a abrogé la majeure partie de la Loi sur les compagnies et a adopté la Loi sur les sociétés par actions. C'est une association ou un groupement de personnes individuelles réelles et/ou d'autres sociétés, qui fournissent chacun une certaine forme de capital.
Concurrent estateIn property law, a concurrent estate or co-tenancy is any of various ways in which property is owned by more than one person at a time. If more than one person owns the same property, they are commonly referred to as co-owners. Legal terminology for co-owners of real estate is either co-tenants or joint tenants, with the latter phrase signifying a right of survivorship. Most common law jurisdictions recognize tenancies in common and joint tenancies.
Court of equityA court of equity, also known as an equity court or chancery court, is a court authorized to apply principles of equity rather than principles of law to cases brought before it. These courts originated from petitions to the Lord Chancellor of England and primarily heard claims for relief other than damages, such as specific performance and extraordinary writs. Over time, most equity courts merged with courts of law, and the adoption of various Acts granted courts combined jurisdiction to administer common law and equity concurrently.
Life estateIn common law and statutory law, a life estate (or life tenancy) is the ownership of immovable property for the duration of a person's life. In legal terms, it is an estate in real property that ends at death when ownership of the property may revert to the original owner, or it may pass to another person. The owner of a life estate is called a "life tenant". In the combined jurisdiction of England and Wales since 1925 a freehold estate intended to be 'held' as a life interest takes effect only as an interest enjoyed in equity, specifically as an interest in possession trust.
Offshore trustAn offshore trust is a conventional trust that is formed under the laws of an offshore jurisdiction. Generally offshore trusts are similar in nature and effect to their onshore counterparts; they involve a settlor transferring (or 'settling') assets (the 'trust property') on the trustees to manage for the benefit of a person, class or persons (the 'beneficiaries') or, occasionally, an abstract purpose. However, a number of offshore jurisdictions have modified their laws to make their jurisdictions more attractive to settlors forming offshore structures as trusts.
