Lombalgie

Résumé

Une lombalgie est un état douloureux du rachis lombaire. Lorsqu'elle est aiguë, il s'agit d'un lumbago (ou tour de reins dans le langage courant familier, les reins désignant ici la région lombaire). Épidémiologie Les lombalgies affectent une forte majorité de la population (elles touchent entre 40 et 70 % de la population à un moment ou à un autre). Aux États-Unis seulement, les lombalgies entraînant une incapacité de retourner au travail représentent des coûts directs et indirects évalués . Uniquement au Québec, les maux de dos représentaient 30 % de l'ensemble des lésions indemnisées ; pour l'année 2003 seulement, ces lésions entraînaient des débours de plus de 500 millions de dollars canadiens. Chez certains patients lombalgiques, la douleur perdure et s'aggrave au point de limiter considérablement leurs activités quotidiennes, incluant le travail. Des études ont démontré que la fréquence et la gravité des accidents au dos sont trois fois plus élevées chez les travail

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lombalgie

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Publications associées (13)

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Concepts associés (36)

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Cours associés (1)

The basis for a mechanical description of the musculoskeletal system are presented. This description is based on the concepts of solid mechanics, physiology and anatomy of the musculoskeletal system. Concrete examples of the development of implants are also covered.

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Séances de cours associées (2)

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Degeneration of the intervertebral discs : Effects of Mechanical Stress on Intervertebral Disc Cells ; Selection of a Cell Carrier for the In Vivo Delivery of Fetal Spine Cells

Valérie Loewensberg

[...] Low back pain affects nearly 80% the population at least once in their lifetime. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is thought to play a role in the development and onset of low back pain. The center part of the disc, the nucleus pulposus (NP), which supports high compressive loads daily, shows early signs of degeneration, long before the outer part of the disc, the annulus fibrosus (AF) degenerates. This work is divided into two parts: the first part focuses on the biomechanics of IVD cells in response to cyclic loading, whereas the second part focuses on the selection of a cell carrier for the further in vivo delivery of fetal spine cells to induce disc regeneration [... click on "Download fulltext" for full abstract]

2008

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Objective: Several cell carriers need to be selected and characterized for their compatibility with fetal cartilaginous cell survival and activity. In order to assess the in vivo regeneration capacity of fetal cartilaginous cells, these cell carriers will be used as a delivery system in an animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration. Background: The intervertebral disc (IVD) is part of the 3-joint complex, which brings flexibility to the spine. In addition, the IVD is a shock absorber and is submitted to variable loads during daily activity. Heighty percent of people will suffer from back pain in their life. Degeneration of the lumbar IVD is though to be one major cause of low back pain. Up to now, there is no treatment for disc degeneration. Conservative cares, medication and surgery alleviate the pain but do not treat the causes. Moreover, fusion surgery (which consists in removing the degenerated IVD and to fuse the two adjacent vertebrae) can lead to further degeneration by destabilizing the whole spine. IVD degeneration is a complex process. The primary causes are unknown but it is well-established that disc cells are unable to produce enough matrix in degenerated conditions. The overall goal of the project is to regenerate the IVD by injecting "active" cells. The choice of these cells is an important point. Two sources of cells have already been selected according to several criteria. The next step of the project consists in selecting an appropriate cell delivery system to be test the regeneration potential of the selected fetal cells in an animal model of IVD degeneration.

2008

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Does hydrogel-cell construct viscoelasticity affect ECM production?

Line Aschwanden

Low back pain is one of the most prevailing medical concerns and can often be associated with the degeneration of the intervertebral disc. This degeneration results in a loss of biological and mechanical properties, especially a loss of viscoelastic properties. In the present study a correlation between viscoelasticity of a hydrogel-cell construct and the extracellular matrix production is researched. Therefore, a model that mimics the real intervertebral disc, composed of a confined hydrogel, is developed. The first part of the project is focalized on the biocompatibility of the confinement chamber. The second part will focalize on the extracellular matrix production from a hydrogel-cell construct submitted to dynamical mechanical stimulations and the viscoelastic properties of theses constructs. Thereby, a multiwell stimulator was developed and 4 different stimulations were performed during 1 month. The stimulations do not seem having great effects on the extracellular matrix production. This study demonstrates also the feasibility to stimulate hydrogel-cell constructs for 1 month, and to use a novel device for stimulation: the multiwell stimulator.

2009

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