SolliciteurLe solliciteur est un type d'avocat du qui pratique la postulation, le conseil, la rédaction d'actes sous seing privé et de pièces de procédure, la négociation immobilière, et toute autre fonction extrajudiciaire. C'est un juriste généraliste et auxiliaire de justice des pays de tradition de droit anglais, que sont le Royaume-Uni, Hong Kong, l'Irlande, l'Australie et la Nouvelle-Zélande, l'Inde, anciennement présent au Canada, mais absent aux États-Unis (voir infra).
Specific performanceSpecific performance is an equitable remedy in the law of contract, whereby a court issues an order requiring a party to perform a specific act, such as to complete performance of the contract. It is typically available in the sale of land law, but otherwise is not generally available if damages are an appropriate alternative. Specific performance is almost never available for contracts of personal service, although performance may also be ensured through the threat of proceedings for contempt of court.
Droit des sociétésLe droit des sociétés est la branche du droit privé qui étudie les sociétés civiles et commerciales. Les règles du droit des sociétés prévoient l'ensemble des dispositions nécessaires à la création, au fonctionnement ainsi qu'à l'éventuelle liquidation de la société. Également, cette branche du droit s'intéresse aux relations entre les différentes parties prenantes de la société — actionnaires, dirigeants et administrateurs notamment —, ainsi qu'aux relations que la société entretient avec les tiers.
FelonyA felony is traditionally considered a crime of high seriousness, whereas a misdemeanour is regarded as less serious. The term "felony" originated from English common law (from the French medieval word "félonie") to describe an offense that resulted in the confiscation of a convicted person's land and goods, to which additional punishments including capital punishment could be added; other crimes were called misdemeanors. Following conviction of a felony in a court of law, a person may be described as a felon or a convicted felon.
Contrôle juridictionnelLe contrôle juridictionnel est une forme de contrôle des décisions du gouvernement par les juges. Il peut prendre la forme d'un contrôle de constitutionnalité. Le contrôle juridictionnel mais aussi simplement la forme d'un contrôle, en France, par l'ordre administratif, de décisions de l'exécutif (la plus haute juridiction étant le Conseil d'État). Au Royaume-Uni, s'il n'y a pas de contrôle juridictionnel des lois (à part de rares exceptions), il y a un contrôle administratif comme en France.
Legal instrumentLegal instrument is a legal term of art that is used for any formally executed written document that can be formally attributed to its author, records and formally expresses a legally enforceable act, process, or contractual duty, obligation, or right, and therefore evidences that act, process, or agreement. Examples include a certificate, deed, bond, contract, will, legislative act, notarial act, court writ or process, or any law passed by a competent legislative body in municipal (domestic) or international law.
Quantum meruitQuantum meruit is a Latin phrase meaning "what one has earned". In the context of contract law, it means something along the lines of "reasonable value of services". In the United States, the elements of quantum meruit are determined by state common law. For example, to state a claim for unjust enrichment in New York, a plaintiff must allege that (1) defendant was enriched; (2) the enrichment was at plaintiff's expense; and (3) the circumstances were such that equity and good conscience require defendants to make restitution.
Conseil d'administrationLe conseil d’administration (CA, en anglais board of directors, BOD) est un groupe de personnes morales ou physiques (les administrateurs) chargé d'administrer une institution, comme une association, une entreprise ou un . Il comprend plusieurs membres, dont un président désigné ou élu, et un secrétaire ainsi que, parfois, un vice-président et un trésorier. Si une personne morale est membre d'un conseil d'administration, elle désigne une personne physique pour la représenter.
ComityIn law, comity is "a practice among different political entities (as countries, states, or courts of different jurisdictions)" involving the "mutual recognition of legislative, executive, and judicial acts." Comity derives from the Latin cōmitās, courtesy, from cōmis, friendly, courteous. Enforcement of foreign judgments The doctrine of international comity has been described variously "as a choice-of-law principle, a synonym for private international law, a rule of public international law, a moral obligation, expediency, courtesy, reciprocity, utility, or diplomacy.
Form of actionThe forms of action were the different procedures by which a legal claim could be made during much of the history of the English common law. Depending on the court, a plaintiff would purchase a writ in Chancery (or file a bill) which would set in motion a series of events eventually leading to a trial in one of the medieval common law courts. Each writ entailed a different set of procedures and remedies which together amounted to the "form of action". The forms of action were abolished during the 19th century, but they have left an indelible mark on the law.
