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Concept
Time-variant system
Résumé
A time-variant system is a system whose output response depends on moment of observation as well as moment of input signal application. In other words, a time delay or time advance of input not only shifts the output signal in time but also changes other parameters and behavior. Time variant systems respond differently to the same input at different times. The opposite is true for time invariant systems (TIV).
There are many well developed techniques for dealing with the response of linear time invariant systems, such as Laplace and Fourier transforms. However, these techniques are not strictly valid for time-varying systems. A system undergoing slow time variation in comparison to its time constants can usually be considered to be time invariant: they are close to time invariant on a small scale. An example of this is the aging and wear of electronic components, which happens on a scale of years, and thus does not result in any behaviour qualitatively different from that observed in a time invariant system: day-to-day, they are effectively time invariant, though year to year, the parameters may change. Other linear time variant systems may behave more like nonlinear systems, if the system changes quickly – significantly differing between measurements.
The following things can be said about a time-variant system:
It has explicit dependence on time.
It does not have an impulse response in the normal sense. The system can be characterized by an impulse response except the impulse response must be known at each and every time instant.
It is not stationary
Linear-time variant (LTV) systems are the ones whose parameters vary with time according to previously specified laws. Mathematically, there is a well defined dependence of the system over time and over the input parameters that change over time.
In order to solve time-variant systems, the algebraic methods consider initial conditions of the system i.e. whether the system is zero-input or non-zero input system.
Source officielle
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Concepts associés (4)
Time-variant system
A time-variant system is a system whose output response depends on moment of observation as well as moment of input signal application. In other words, a time delay or time advance of input not only shifts the output signal in time but also changes other parameters and behavior. Time variant systems respond differently to the same input at different times. The opposite is true for time invariant systems (TIV). There are many well developed techniques for dealing with the response of linear time invariant systems, such as Laplace and Fourier transforms.
System analysis
System analysis in the field of electrical engineering characterizes electrical systems and their properties. System analysis can be used to represent almost anything from population growth to audio speakers; electrical engineers often use it because of its direct relevance to many areas of their discipline, most notably signal processing, communication systems and control systems. A system is characterized by how it responds to input signals. In general, a system has one or more input signals and one or more output signals.
Réponse impulsionnelle
vignette|300px|right|Réponses impulsionnelles d'un système audio simple (de haut en bas) : impulsion originale à l'entrée, réponse après amplification des hautes fréquences et réponse après amplification des basses fréquences. En traitement du signal, la réponse impulsionnelle d'un processus est le signal de sortie qui est obtenu lorsque l'entrée reçoit une impulsion, c'est-à-dire une variation soudaine et brève du signal.
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