Integer triangleAn integer triangle or integral triangle is a triangle all of whose side lengths are integers. A rational triangle is one whose side lengths are rational numbers; any rational triangle can be rescaled by the lowest common denominator of the sides to obtain a similar integer triangle, so there is a close relationship between integer triangles and rational triangles. Sometimes other definitions of the term rational triangle are used: Carmichael (1914) and Dickson (1920) use the term to mean a Heronian triangle (a triangle with integral or rational side lengths and area);cite book |last=Carmichael |first=R.
Théorème de la moyenne géométriquethumb|upright=1.2|L'aire du carré gris et l'aire du rectangle gris sont égales, soit Le théorème de la hauteur du triangle rectangle ou théorème de la moyenne géométrique est un résultat de géométrie élémentaire qui exprime une relation entre la hauteur sur l'hypoténuse d'un triangle rectangle et les deux segments qu'elle découpe sur l'hypoténuse. Il établit que la moyenne géométrique des longueurs des deux segments est égale à la hauteur.
SemicircleIn mathematics (and more specifically geometry), a semicircle is a one-dimensional locus of points that forms half of a circle. It is a circular arc that measures 180° (equivalently, pi radians, or a half-turn). It has only one line of symmetry (reflection symmetry). In non-technical usage, the term "semicircle" is sometimes used to refer to either a closed curve that also includes the diameter segment from one end of the arc to the other or to the half-disk, which is a two-dimensional geometric region that further includes all the interior points.
CathèteIn a right triangle, a cathetus (originally from the Greek word Κάθετος; plural: catheti), commonly known as a leg, is either of the sides that are adjacent to the right angle. It is occasionally called a "side about the right angle". The side opposite the right angle is the hypotenuse. In the context of the hypotenuse, the catheti are sometimes referred to simply as "the other two sides". If the catheti of a right triangle have equal lengths, the triangle is isosceles.
Tangential triangleIn geometry, the tangential triangle of a reference triangle (other than a right triangle) is the triangle whose sides are on the tangent lines to the reference triangle's circumcircle at the reference triangle's vertices. Thus the incircle of the tangential triangle coincides with the circumcircle of the reference triangle. The circumcenter of the tangential triangle is on the reference triangle's Euler line, as is the center of similitude of the tangential triangle and the orthic triangle (whose vertices are at the feet of the altitudes of the reference triangle).
Identité trigonométrique pythagoricienneL'identité trigonométrique pythagoricienne exprime le théorème de Pythagore en termes de fonctions trigonométriques. Avec les formules de somme d'angles, c'est l'une des relations fondamentales entre les fonctions sinus et cosinus. Cette relation entre le sinus et le cosinus est parfois appelée l'identité trigonométrique fondamentale de Pythagore. Cette identité trigonométrique est donnée par la formule : où signifie .
