Domaine fondamentalGiven a topological space and a group acting on it, the images of a single point under the group action form an orbit of the action. A fundamental domain or fundamental region is a subset of the space which contains exactly one point from each of these orbits. It serves as a geometric realization for the abstract set of representatives of the orbits. There are many ways to choose a fundamental domain. Typically, a fundamental domain is required to be a connected subset with some restrictions on its boundary, for example, smooth or polyhedral.
Karl WeierstrassKarl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass, habituellement appelé Karl Weierstrass, orthographié Weierstraß en allemand, né le à Ostenfelde (Province de Westphalie), mort le à Berlin, est un mathématicien allemand, lauréat de la médaille Copley en 1895. Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass naît au sein d'une famille catholique de Westphalie. Il est le premier enfant de Theodora Vonderforst et Wilhelm Weierstrass, inspecteur des impôts, un homme cultivé, qui a des connaissances en chimie et en physique et parle le français à la perfection.
Nome (mathematics)In mathematics, specifically the theory of elliptic functions, the nome is a special function that belongs to the non-elementary functions. This function is of great importance in the description of the elliptic functions, especially in the description of the modular identity of the Jacobi theta function, the Hermite elliptic transcendents and the Weber modular functions, that are used for solving equations of higher degrees. The nome function is given by where and are the quarter periods, and and are the fundamental pair of periods, and is the half-period ratio.
