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Concept

Dérivée partielle

Résumé

En mathématiques, la dérivée partielle d'une fonction de plusieurs variables est sa dérivée par rapport à l'une de ses variables, les autres étant gardées constantes. C'est une notion de base de l'analyse en dimension n, de la géométrie différentielle et de l'analyse vectorielle. La dérivée partielle de la fonction f par rapport à la variable x est souvent notée \frac{\partial f}{\partial x}. Si f est une fonction de x_1,\cdots,x_{n}et \mathrm{d}x_1,\cdots,\mathrm{d}x_n sont les accroissements infinitésimaux de x_1,\cdots,x_{n} respectivement, alors l'accroissement infinitésimal correspondant de f est : :\mathrm df=\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_1},\mathrm dx_1+\cdots+\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_n},\mathrm dx_n. Cette expression est la « différentielle totale » de f, chaque terme dans la somme étant une « différentielle partielle » de

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9riv%C3%A9e_partielle

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Publications associées (47)

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Personnes associées (2)

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Concepts associés (73)

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Cours associés (94)

Étudier les concepts fondamentaux d'analyse, et le calcul différentiel et intégral des fonctions réelles de plusieurs variables.

Présentation des méthodes de la mécanique analytique (équations de Lagrange et de Hamilton) et introduction aux notions de modes normaux et de stabilité.

Étudier les concepts fondamentaux d'analyse et le calcul différentiel et intégral des fonctions réelles de plusieurs variables.

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Cours associés

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Séances de cours associées (250)

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Publications associées (47)

Blow-up, partial regularity and turbulence in incompressible fluid dynamics

Silja Noëmi Aline Haffter

Weak solutions arise naturally in the study of the Navier-Stokes and Euler equations both from an abstract regularity/blow-up perspective and from physical theories of turbulence. This thesis studies the structure and size of singular set of such weak solutions to equations of incompressible fluid dynamics from two opposite directions. First, it aims to single-out new mechanisms which allow to break the typically supercritical scaling of the equations and, in this way, prevent the formation of singularities either globally or locally in spacetime. Second, in the absence of such mechanisms, we seek to quantify how singular (in terms of dimension of the singular set, for instance) the solutions that we are actually able to construct are. This thesis collects four results pointing in the two directions outlined above which have been obtained in several collaborations during the Ph.D. studies:- a global regularity result for the fractional Navier-Stokes equation slightly blow the critical fractional order,- a global well-posedness result for the defocusing wave equation with slightly supercritical power nonlinearity,- an a.e. smoothness / partial regularity result for the supercritical surface quasigeostrophic (SQG) equation,- an estimate (and a discussion of its sharpness) on the dimension of the singular set of wild Hölder continuous solutions of the incompressible Euler equations.All results presented in the thesis have either been published or are submitted for publication.

EPFL2022

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We report a systematic study of the magnetoelectric (ME) voltage coefficient as a complex quantity in the particulate composite of ferroelectric solid solution 0.94Pb(Fe1/2N1/2)O-3-0.06PbTiO(3)(PFN-PT) with CoFe2O4(CFO) and NiFe2O4 (NFO) ferrites. The results show that the real part of the ME voltage coefficient (alpha') is highly influenced by the magnetostrictive phase through lambda(H). NFO produces larger alpha' at a lower magnetic field, which originates from the softer magnetic properties. In addition, alpha' was found to be positive for NFO composite, while CFO composite shows a negative ME voltage coefficient at high magnetic fields. We argue that the field dependence of alpha' can be interpreted using the dynamic piezomagnetic coefficient, q(ac) = partial derivative lambda(ac)/partial derivative H. The imaginary part of the ME voltage coefficient (alpha '') was also determined for all composites. Both the alpha' and alpha '' show a peak at the same magnetic field, which is attributed to the maximum dynamic piezomagnetism when the magnetic domains are collectively rotated by the dc bias magnetic field. Our results show that the ME voltage coefficient in the composites of PFN-PT/(Co,Ni)Fe2O4 is highly influenced by the content, magnetic softness and field dependence behaviour of magnetostriction of the piezomagnetic phase.

2019

Chargement

Contributions to Modelling Extremes of Spatial Data

Linda Frossard

The increasing interest in using statistical extreme value theory to analyse environmental data is mainly driven by the large impact extreme events can have. A difficulty with spatial data is that most existing inference methods for asymptotically justified models for extremes are computationally intractable for data at several hundreds of sites, a number easily attained or surpassed by the output of physical climate models or satellite-based data sets. This thesis does not directly tackle this problem, but it provides some elements that might be useful in doing so. The first part of the thesis contains a pointwise marginal analysis of satellite-based measurements of total column ozone in the northern and southern mid-latitudes. At each grid cell, the r-largest order statistics method is used to analyse extremely low and high values of total ozone, and an autoregressive moving average time series model is used for an analogous analysis of mean values. Both models include the same set of global covariates describing the dynamical and chemical state of the atmosphere. The results show that influence of the covariates is captured in both the ``bulk'' and the tails of the statistical distribution of ozone. For some covariates, our results are in good agreement with findings of earlier studies, whereas unprecedented influences are retrieved for two dynamical covariates. The second part concerns the frameworks of multivariate and spatial modelling of extremes. We review one class of multivariate extreme value distributions, the so-called Hüsler--Reiss model, as well as its spatial extension, the Brown--Resnick process. For the former, we provide a detailed discussion of its parameter matrix, including the case of degeneracy, which arises if the correlation matrices of underlying multivariate Gaussian distributions are singular. We establish a simplification for computing the partial derivatives of the exponent function of these two models. As consequence of the considerably reduced number of terms in each partial derivative, computation time for the multivariate joint density of these models can be reduced, which could be helpful for (composite) likelihood inference. Finally, we propose a new variant of the Brown--Resnick process based on the Karhunen--Loève expansion of its underlying Gaussian process. As an illustration, we use composite likelihood to fit a simplified version of our model to a hindcast data set of wave heights that shows highly dependent extremes.

EPFL2017

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Contributions to Modelling Extremes of Spatial Data

Linda Frossard

EPFL2017